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- Radio telescope:
- Lecture : Operation of a radio-telescope (4h)
- An overview of radio astronomy and radio telescopes.
- Introduction to the main components of the radio telescope:
- antennas
- receiver
- low noise amplifier
- heterodyne detection
- system sensitivity
- calibration
- pointing accuracy.
- An overview of the 21 cm line
- Introduction to different movement modes for a radio telescope.
- Lab works : (6h)
- A brief introduction to the software used to control and take data
- The students will be guided to take some actual data using drift scan (60 min)
- Analyze the collected data to understand basic features of the recorded data.
- Get the telescope’s beam size then compare it with the estimation from theory (based on the telescope size and frequency).
- Introduction to some other measurements such as Milky way observation to measure the galactic rotation curve and empty sky observation to estimate the telescope's sensitivity.
- Optical telescope :
- Lecture : principles of CCD imaging (4h)
- Charge-Coupled Device : physical principle and parameters (transfer efficiency, thermal noise)
- CCD array: read-out time and noise
- Image reduction: offset, bias and flat-field
- Exposure time and signal to noise ratio
- Aperture photometry
- Background level
- Point spread function
- Saturation
- Background noise
- Calibration with standard stars: Bouguer relation for extinction and airmass.
- Spectrometry:
- flat-field for spectrometry
- wavelength calibration
- reduction of spectra
- Lab works : Data acquisition (6h)
- Acquisition of images at the HNUE optical telescopes.
- Good practices for bias, offsets and flat-fields acquisition
- Choosing the exposure time (signal to noise, saturation)
- Telescope positioning and pointing
- Data acquisition on standard stars
- Acquisition of spectra through the slitless Alpy
- Sun, sky or clouds
- bright standard stars weather and guiding permitting
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