Neutrino masses may have evolved dynamically throughout the history of the Universe, potentially leading to a mass spectrum distinct from the normal or inverted ordering observed today. While cosmological measurements constrain the total energy density of neutrinos, they are not directly sensitive to a dynamically changing mass ordering unless future surveys achieve exceptional precision in detecting the distinct imprints of each mass eigenstate on large-scale structures.

We construct static and axially symmetric magnetically charged hairy black holes in the gravity-coupled 
Weinberg-Salam theory.  Large black holes merge with the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) family, 
while the small ones are extremal and support a hair in the form of a ring-shaped electroweak condensate 
carrying superconducting W-currents and up to $22\%$ of the total magnetic charge. 
The extremal solutions are asymptotically  RN with a  mass {\it below} the total charge, $M<|Q|$,  due to 

In general relativity, freely-falling test objects follow geodesics of the background spacetime in which they live. In a sense, this feature is a mere rephrasing of Einstein’s equivalence principle. In 1968, Brandon Carter showed that the geodesic motion of objects orbiting a Kerr black hole was integrable, in the sense of Hamiltonian mechanics, by discovering a fourth constant of motion that now bears his name. This “universality” of geodesic free fall is, however, but an approximation: In general, two different bodies will follow two distinct paths, depending on how they spin and deform.

The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) is the collection of neutrinos emitted from all past core-collapse supernovae, and it has yet to be detected experimentally. An observation of the DSNB can probe the star formation history of the universe, the fraction of black hole-forming supernovae, and even novel neutrino physics phenomena. At present, the Super-Kamiokande (SK) water Cherenkov detector is the most sensitive experiment to detect the DSNB.